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direct_message/4
direct_message(?Class, ?Op, ?Name, ?Arity)
atom
message_operator
atom
integer
Name/Arity is an Op message directly understood (defined rather than inherited) by instances of Class. This predicate is used to test whether a message is defined for a class.
Op is one of <-
, >>
, or <<
, specifying the kind of message.
This predicate violates the principle of information hiding by telling whether the method for a message is defined within a class or inherited. Hence its use in ordinary programs is discouraged. It may be useful, however, during debugging or in developing programming support tools.
<-/2
, <</2
, >>/2
, message/4